Background(w.r.t. Telangana)
When India became independent, Telugu-speaking people were distributed in about 22 districts, 9 of them in the former Nizam's dominions of the princely state of Hyderabad, 12 in the Madras Presidency (Andhra region), and one in French-controlled Yanam. In December 1953, the States Reorganization Commission was appointed to prepare for the creation of states on linguistic lines.
The States Reorganisation Commission (SRC) was not in favour of an immediate merger of Telangana region with Andhra state, despite their common language. SRC said “opinion in Andhra is overwhelmingly in favour of the larger unit; public opinion in Telangana has still to crystallize itself”. The people of Telangana had several concerns. The region had a less-developed economy than Andhra, but with a larger revenue base (mostly because it taxed rather than prohibited alcoholic beverages), which people of Telangana feared might be diverted for use in Andhra. It was feared that the people of Andhra, who had access to higher standards of education under the British rule, would have an unfair advantage in seeking government and educational jobs.
The States Reorganisation Commission (SRC) was not in favour of an immediate merger of Telangana region with Andhra state, despite their common language. SRC said “opinion in Andhra is overwhelmingly in favour of the larger unit; public opinion in Telangana has still to crystallize itself”. The people of Telangana had several concerns. The region had a less-developed economy than Andhra, but with a larger revenue base (mostly because it taxed rather than prohibited alcoholic beverages), which people of Telangana feared might be diverted for use in Andhra. It was feared that the people of Andhra, who had access to higher standards of education under the British rule, would have an unfair advantage in seeking government and educational jobs.
Prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru initially was skeptical of merging Telangana with Andhra State, fearing a "tint of expansionist imperialism" in it. He compared the merger to a matrimonial alliance having "provisions for divorce" if the partners in the alliance cannot get on well.
Following the Gentlemen's agreement, the central government established a unified Andhra Pradesh on November 1, 1956.In the years after the formation of Andhra Pradesh state, the people of Telangana expressed dissatisfaction over how the agreements and guarantees were implemented. Discontent intensified in January 1969, when the some of the guarantees that had been agreed on were supposed to lapse. Student agitation for the proper implementation of the agreement began at Osmania University in Hyderabad and spread to other parts of the region
Due to agitation in the Seema-Andra region in 1973 protesting the protections for Telangana, the central government diluted the protections in Gentlemen's agreement by initiating the Six point formula.,which was an agreement to avoid such agitations in future.
IN 2000, New states Chattisgarh, Jharkhand and Uttaranchal were created and Telangana was not created (bcoz of the stiff opposition from the then ruling party In Andhra Pradesh(TDP) and as a result TRS party was formed.
And after the death of the CM YS Rajashekhara Reddy and protest unto death of TRS leader Chandrasekhar Rao ,the protests have been started again and continuing still.
Why do the people demand for creation of new States
1)Identity Crisis:- They feel they are do not have their separate identity and are not getting the proper recognition.
2)In case of larger states. Govts concentrate on core market areas and many of the other regions in the state are not competitively developed compared to some cities
3)Employment oppurtunities:-
When ppl feel that people from other regions are getting the jobs what they deserve
Ex:-Telangana
4)To Assume Political leadership:-
---->Why shouldn’t there be any more new states:-
1)Growth of Naxalism and Maoism
Ex: Condition of Naxalism and Maoism because of underdevelopment in Chattisgarh and Jharkhand created in 2000
2) Unnecessary duplication of Resources available. There has to be creation of separate assemblies, allocation of funds to the new states etc etc
3) Splitting of the powers of center. Loss of national integrity
4) Ex president KR Narayanan in his book “dimensions of federal nation building” argues that strngest democratic country is the one with the strongest centre. So, splitting the centre would decrease strengths of central government
5) There are many conflicts between the already existing states. Ex : Conflicts between the Ap and Karnataka, Ap-tamilnadu over Cauvery water and almatti dam . Creation of new states would further increase the conflicts
6)Meghalaya was created on ethnic basis but still there are conflicts between khasi and ghairo tribes
7)76% revenue of Andhra Pradesh comes from Telangana . so Telangana is not an underdeveloped region
8)sri Krishna committee report solutions and comments are also not in favour of Separate State
Read all the solutions suggested by the report here :
9) Giving a separate Telangana would increase the demands for creation of some more states
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